Preserving Innocence in J.D. Salinger´s The Catcher in the...

Growing up is a complicated and emotional phase that everyone has to experience. Our innocence is like a mask that blinds us from perceiving life as it really is. As we grow up, we lose our sense of innocence and begin to see the world differently. In the book The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, Holden Caulfield is a teenage boy who fears maturity for himself and the children around him. The theme of innocence is found throughout the novel, as Holden struggles to protect the innocence of children from the superficiality and shallowness of the adult world. The theme of innocence is illustrated when Holden visits the Museum of Natural History. Holden’s thoughts at the museum show that he is overwhelmed by the change and complexity of growing up. Holden enjoys being at the museum because it is a consistent and predictable place, and he knows what to expect every time he visits it. â€Å"The best thing, though, in that museum was that everything always stayed right where it was. Nobody’d move† (121). Holden wishes that life could be just like the museum, where all the figures and displays stayed exactly the same. If life never changes, people would never have to grow up, and children would be able to remain innocent forever. â€Å"Certain things they should stay the way they are. You ought to be able to stick them in one of those big glass cases and just leave them alone† (122). In this quote, Holden is specifically referring to children. According to him, all adults are phony andShow MoreRelatedCatcher In The Rye Analysis1434 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican literature is full of classic novels containing heroic protagonists; Holden Caulfield of The Catcher in the Rye is not one of these classic heroes. The article Some Crazy Cliff by Arthur Heiserman and James E. Miller Jr. provides one interpretation of the novel suggesting that the protagonist is unique compared to others commonly found in American literature; most heroes are seeking acceptance while Holden is seeking something within the society he is trying to leave. The novel follows HoldenRead MoreJ.b. Salinger s The Catcher s The Rye 1319 Words   |  6 PagesJ.D. Salinger’s Use of Symbolism in The Catcher in the Rye J.D. Salinger is well known for his works. His most famous being The Catcher in the Rye. Two other of his famous works include Nine stories and Franny and Zooey. J.D Salinger is also well known for his sense of humor that he includes inside of his books. The Catcher in the Rye has become an essential work to be studied in academic literature and its course of study. This book entails many uses of symbolism throughout theRead MoreLord Of The Flies, By William Golding And The Perks Of Being A Wallflower1087 Words   |  5 Pagesread The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger over the summer. A Separate Peace explores the rivalry that can lie at the heart of many friendships and conveys the concept of individuality rather than conformity. Similarly, The Catcher in the Rye is the story of a teenage boy who despises the phoniness of society and fears becoming just another phony adult. Both novels share similar characteristics including their utilization of literary devices as well as protagonists who battle with preserving theirRead More Innocence In The Catcher In The Rye by J.D. Salinger Essay examples1412 Words   |  6 Pages In J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher In The Rye, Holden Caulfield, a seventeen-year-old boy, transitions from childhood to adulthood. The death of Holden’s little brother signifies the beginning his loss of innocence and growth of maturity. As he enters adulthood, Holden views society differently from his peers by characterizing most of his peers and adults he meets as â€Å"phonies.† Thus, Holden takes the impossible challenge of preserving the innocence in children because he wants to prevent childrenRead MoreCatcher in the Rye4413 Words   |  18 PagesThe Catcher in the Rye â€Å"Is The Catcher in the Rye, as a work of literature still relevant for today’s youth?† Name: Sara Sigurdson Course: English A1 Supervisor: Mr. Peter Steadman Word count: 3851 Candidate number: 00136022 Table of Contents Content Page Number Abstract 3 Introduction 4 The Actual Catcher in the Rye 4 The Sexual Matter 5 The Caulfield Family 6 Narrator and Protagonist 8 Role Model 9 Mr. Antolini 10 Targeted Audience 10 Guidance 12 Read MoreHolden Caulfield s The Catcher Of The Rye1928 Words   |  8 PagesIn The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, Holden Caulfield’s story is seemingly aimless and without any sense of direction. However, Salinger brings the novel into focus in the final chapters by introducing the idea of being the â€Å"Catcher in the Rye† from the poem by Robert Burns. Salinger chose the name â€Å"Catcher in the Rye† for the title of his novel, but why? The answer is that Salinger wanted to emphasize the connection between Holden, the main character, and the cryptic â€Å"Catcher.† Holden confessesRead MoreInnocence Is The Quality Of Being Free From Guilt, Sin Or Moral Wrong1293 Words   |  6 PagesInnocence is the quality of being free from guilt, sin or moral wrong. A synonym for the word child is innocent . This broad concept of childhood innocence is thoroughly explored through its significance throughout The Catcher In The Rye by J.D. Sali nger. It exposes the theme of the coming of age, as well as the circumstances that accompany it, all revolving around the loss of innocence. The protagonist, Holden Claufield, is an open-minded yet phony individual whom experiences this loss himself

The Theory And Monopolistic Competition Minimum Wages

Undertaking general training in the firm by its employees became a normal practice in a modern world. It is seen as an educational program which helps workers to improve their skills and increase their productiveness. Nevertheless, more companies are ready to pay for such an improvement as they are expecting higher profits and a rise in quality. However, such a practice remains controversial and some experts do not believe in its efficiency. Furthermore, another curious tendency observed in a modern world is a regular increase in minimum wages. Most notable economists defend a classical view which states that rise in a minimum wage will inevitably bring higher unemployment and give less chances to young people to find a job. However, according to oligopolistic theory and monopolistic competition minimum wages will eventually lead to higher employment, rather than the opposite. This view will be carefully discussed and analysed in this paper with empirical evidence. Oligopsony is described as a market with few buyers, while monopsonistic competition is â€Å"an oligopsony with free entry, so that employer profits are driven to zero†. Two great examples of such a market structure are a world market of cocoa, where there are only three major firms, which purchase cocoa bean production (Cargill, Archer Daniels Midland and Callebaut), and a tobacco market in United States, where Altria, Brown Williamson and Lorillard Tobacco Company are three major companies which purchase aroundShow MoreRelatedJoseph Schumpeter And Karl Marx : The Philosophy Of Capitalism838 Words   |  4 Pagesmust earn a wage for their labour. In the communist manifesto, Marx lays out a history of class struggle which highlights the capitalist creation of a class of persons, the proletariat, who will eventually begin a revolution that ends the â€Å"exploitation† of their labour. This exploitation is expressed in the appropriation of surplus value by capitalists according to Marx. Surplus value is understood to be the difference between the value of one’s labour in producing a good and the wage that the labourerRead MoreEssay about Eco 561 Final Exam Free1423 Words   |  6 PagesAVC 5) If the wage rate increases, A. a purely competitive producer will hire less labor, but an imperfectly competitive producer will not B. an imperfectly competitive producer will hire less labor, but a purely competitive producer will not [C. a purely competitive and an imperfectly competitive producer will both hire less labor] D. an imperfectly competitive producer may find it profitable to hire either more or less labor 6) The real wage will rise if the nominal wage A. fallsRead MoreImportance Of The Micro Economic Environment1471 Words   |  6 Pagesnot always conform to unique procedures and could not be described by simple mechanisms. This presented a serious methodological difficulty for the theory of price movements. The new uncertainty regarding the autonomy and diversity of business behaviour in modern capitalist economies removed much of the stationary necessary for a solid price theory. In the neoclassical paradigm, the theorist could ignore the axiomatic nature of ‘profit maximization’ because this assumption was deeply embedded withinRead MoreA Balanced View On The Minimum Wage1928 Words   |  8 Pageshas led to some economist to oppose against the minimum wage because it will cause higher unemployment. This has also been stressed by Milton Friedman, who received the Nobel Prize in 1976, has called the minimum wage a form of â€Å"discrimination against low skilled workers†. In this essay, I will look to give a balanced view on the use of minimum wage. The minimum wage debate â€Å"is one of the most studied topics in economics† (Beeton, 2013) The minimum wage was first introduced in the United Kingdom (URead MoreMinimum Wage : Low Skilled And Young Workers1553 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Minimum wage, a program created to help the poor, has every contrary effect to its well intentions. Throughout the history, people who hurt the most during minimum wage hikes are the low-skilled and young workers. Drastically raising minimum wage is meaningless as high inflation usually comes alongside with wage increases. Past economic statistics have shown that the rate of increase in inflation usually outpaced the rate of increase in minimum wage. Thus, the real value wage workers receiveRead MoreThe State Hampering Of A Capitalist Economy Essay1707 Words   |  7 Pagesbelieved in the neoliberalist movement, which meant that firms would are able to privatize their businesses and still trade in free markets. Hayek identifies that capital theory â€Å"was an area where he found that the coordinating processes of the market were underappreciated† and that the â€Å"evolved institutions and market competition as irreplaceable means for social coordination† (Whi te, 1999, pg. 753-4). Despite Hayek’s claims of state intervention, it has been proved that the state hampering in a capitalistRead MoreThe Idea Of Competition : The Classical And Marxist Economics1885 Words   |  8 Pages This paper studies the idea of competition. What is competition? Do we need competition, why do we need it? The paper further elaborates competition in aspects of two school of thoughts, the Classical and Marxist economics. Competitions are ubiquitous. It may be in the form of us seeking a promotion at work, company competing for bigger market share. In fact, humans more often than not ,seek to achieve a superior position relative to others in a variety of contexts (Garcia, Tor and Schiff, 2013)Read MoreLong Term Investment Decision Of The Low Calorie Foods Essay1328 Words   |  6 Pagesmicrowaveable food company follow in anticipation of raising prices when selecting pricing strategies for making products response to changes in price less elastic. The low calorie frozen microwaveable food companies are presently operating under a monopolistic market structure. There are many sellers of the same types of frozen foods but are distinguished by packaging and/or ingredients used. The frozen food companies are undergoing the high cost of production in order to sustain the same level of profitabilityRead MoreEco212 Essay2096 Words   |  9 Pagesmarkets, monopolies, and oligopolies. 8. A firm under monopolistic competition will earn a. a zero profit as it sets P = MC b. a positive profit as it has some monopoly power c. a zero profit as its P = ATC d. a positive profit as it sets MC = MR 9. What do economists call a market structure in which there are many firms selling products that are similar but not identical? a. Perfect competition b. Monopoly c. Monopolistic competition d. Oligopoly 10. Which of the following is a characteristicRead MoreEconomic Concepts7613 Words   |  31 Pagesoperate on international routes fallen on hard times, while small regional airlines seem to be doing just fine? Managerial economics provides answers to these questions. In order to answer pertinent questions, managerial economics applies economic theories, tools, and techniques to administrative and business  decision-making.  The first step in the decision-making process is to collect relevant economic data carefully and to organize the economic information contained in data collected in such a way

IT Infratructure Management for Hedonic Value- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theIT Infratructure Management for Hedonic Value. Answer: Just in time delivery: A supply management is mainly designed to minimize carrying cost. A firm or a shop mainly orders the stuffs, which is immediately required by it. JIT (Just in time) systems mainly focus the accurate demand of a product by its retailer. It also stresses on the fact that the supply chain should have a clear idea about the time required to fulfill an order. E-commerce: E-commerce mainly focuses on purchasing and selling of goods and service or transmitting of funds and data over electronic network though internet (Cannon et al., 2015). SaaS: stands for software, as service is a new method of delivering various applications over the internet. It gives freedom to user from installation and maintenance of various software on a particular device. Various factors like security, availability and respective provider manages performance. Strategic planning: It is a systematic process used by various organization management for setting priorities, focusing all the energy and available resources, strengthening various available resources and stakeholders to work towards a common goal. It is actually used for communication between organization and its desired goal. Supply chain management: This system is mainly used to link the flow of goods and services to various consumers. They are mainly used for improving quality, reducing cost of various products. Supply management mainly focuses to provide planning, sourcing, producing and delivering of various products to different consumer. DSS: A decision support system (DSS) is nothing but a system based application that has the function of collecting, organizing, analyzing various business data to provide quality business by making decision for management, operation and planning. DSS analysis mainly helps various companies to identify and solve problem and make important decision. Cloud infrastructure: Cloud infrastructure mainly refers to virtual system that is provided via internet. It mainly refers to providing services or product through a model known as infrastructure as a service (IaaS) which is a simple model for cloud computing. Web 2: Web 2 is a given term used to explain and analyze second generation of World Wide Web, which has a primary to gather and share information through internet. Web 2 is considered more as a marketing term than a scientific term. Extranet: Extranet is nothing but a private network technology that mainly uses Internet Technology and public telecommunication to share a portion of information of their business with various bodies like supplier, vendor, partner and customer (Chiu et al., 2014). Big data analysis: Big data analyses mainly focuses on the process involving collection and organization of various sets of data. It helps the organization in better understanding of information contain in the data and help in choosing the right data for the business. Data mining is nothing but a technique to analyze various patterns of data as per different requirement for sorting useful information, which is gathered and kept in some common places such as data warehouse. Data mining analysis mainly focuses on efficient analysis of business decision making and other information required reducing cost of products increase revenue of various products (Liu Motoda, 2012). It is also known as Data discovery and knowledge discovery. The various steps involved in Data Mining are: Extract, transform and load data into the Warehouse. Store and manage data in the given database. Providing access to important data by using various software applications. Firstly, data mining technique mainly involves gathering of required data used by business analyst for reducing cost of production of various products. Company is either transactional or metadata data. Transactional data mainly deals with day-to-day operations like sales and cost. Metadata mainly deals with logical database design. Various patterns among data elements provide all the required information, which can be used for increasing organizational revenue. Organization with large consumers mainly uses data mining technology as it provides clear view of products that are sold, its price and information of various customers. The giant retailer Wal-Mart transmits all its important information to a data warehouse, which contain terabytes of data. Their suppliers to track the buying pattern of various customers can easily access this data containing important information. It can be used keepa track on shopping nature, products that are searched the most. The next of data mining is selecting a perfect algorithm, which is used for generating data mining model. Working of this algorithm mainly identifies a set of data, which will be used judging various parameters in the output. Many vendors of database like Oracle, SQL mainly uses data mining algorithm like clustering, regression tress to satisfy the growing demand for data mining (Stein et al., 2012). Enterprise Resource planning is nothing but is a process used by various business that allow various organization to use a system of assembled application to manage businesses which has a function of technology, services and human resource. ERP is considered to be a application that is designed to be used by various business and it also large business to customize and analyze various data to manage upgrades and deployment. Now a days many business firm uses ERP system to replace legacy and work with various ERP application. ERP software is mainly used by various business for management of various distribution process, management of supply chain, improving the accuracy of financial data, lower purchasing cost, managing human resource and payroll function, accessing various business needs, providing various business needs, managing accounting and financial needs. There are various kinds of ERP available now a days that are mobile ERP, Cloud ERP, Social ERP, Tow-tier ERP. Mobile ERP mai nly used by executive and employees who wants a real time access to information, without considering their location. It is expected that in near future that business will implement mobile ERP for reports, dashboards and to perform some specific business key process (Witten et al., 2016). Cloud ERP is developing at a fast rate into various enterprises or business and many are more focused to use cloud data in their system. Social ERP is mainly used by some vendors to initiate and add various social media packages to their respective system for increasing their efficiency. Two-tier ERP is mainly used by various enterprises to take care of every aspect of various organization. ERP uses stock reservation process for option like system configuration Advance stockrouter to manage various orders. ERP allow a warehouse to manage various routers, it checks the management of various stock ( Yisong Chen, 2015) . With increase in business, IT facility of the wines was not able to handle the increasing amount of data that were being gathered due to increasing operational activities of the wines ( Gheysari et al., 2012). The system that were being used earlier were slow and has not been maintained properly or formatted for a long time, which indirectly put a stress on the maintenance of these systems. The drawbacks of these was loss in productivity which ultimately affected the process of business. The process of the core business of Wines include inventory management and order processing which were ultimately degraded because of the increasing business and updated technology as per the requirements of the employees. These were not sufficient for IT infrastructure for this change which ultimately resulted in negative impact to Wines industry. The IT capacity in the organization is actually much less than what is needed as that not sufficient for the increasing business. This affected in satisfying the demands and needs of various customers. The orders of the customer were not satisfied fully due to poor infrastructure of the IT department. Server virtualization benefits liberty Wines and its environment in various way like it reduced the burden of various server from ten to four. Due to the reduced number of physical server the company improved its customer services and management to a lot of extent (Soomro Hesson, 2012). This took place due to faster running application than earlier due to better utilization of servers. It also reduced the power consumption that the organization was bearing due to some extra number of servers by making saving the replacement of the hardware that will needed for the servers. The financial crimes enforcement Network ( FinCEN) is unit of financial intelligence department and a bureau of the Treasury Department of United s States data and IT problem that has the function of limiting various abilities of FinCEN to financial crime that can be started as the ultimate aim and objective of FinCEN is to guard the financial system that are being operated in a country from hamper of financial crimes that can hamper the invested money of any organization . It has some other objectives like anti-money laundering, process of analysis, collection in various financial departments (Font, 2017). The financial intelligence depends on effective data analytics to identify various pattern and relationships. It has ability to identify pattern and relationship in various national securities (Peirce, 2012). Role of data analytics in crime detection are firstly it gives answer in real time for all the quires related to fraud, it also provides automatic collection of data containing important information. Indexing software helps in fast and easy access to data containing important information. References Cannon, T. D., Chung, Y., He, G., Sun, D., Jacobson, A., Van Erp, T. G., ... Cornblatt, B. (2015). Progressive reduction in cortical thickness as psychosis develops: a multisite longitudinal neuroimaging study of youth at elevated clinical risk.Biological psychiatry,77(2), 147-157. Chiu, C. M., Wang, E. T., Fang, Y. H., Huang, H. Y. (2014). Understanding customers' repeat purchase intentions in B2C e?commerce: the roles of utilitarian value, hedonic value and perceived risk.Information Systems Journal,24(1), 85-114. Font, E. F. (2017). Mobile Payments in the United States: How Disintermediation May Affect Delivery of Payment Functions, Financial Inclusion and Anti-Money Laundering Issues. Wash. JL Tech. Arts, 8, 419. Gheysari, H., Rasli, A., Roghanian, P., Jebur, H. (2012).The role of information technology infrastructure capability (ITIC) in management.International Journal of Fundamental Psychology Social Sciences, 2(2), 36-40. Liu, H., Motoda, H. (2012).Feature selection for knowledge discovery and data mining(Vol. 454). Springer Science Business Media. Peirce, H. (2012). Economic analysis by federal financial regulators.JL Econ. Pol'y, 9, 569. Soomro, T. R., Hesson, M. (2012).Supporting best practices and standards for information technology Infrastructure Library.Journal of Computer Science, 8(2), 272. Stein, J. L., Medland, S. E., Vasquez, A. A., Hibar, D. P., Senstad, R. E., Winkler, A. M., ... Bernard, M. (2012). Identification of common variants associated with human hippocampal and intracranial volumes.Nature genetics,44(5), 552-561. Witten, I. H., Frank, E., Hall, M. A., Pal, C. J. (2016).Data Mining: Practical machine learning tools and techniques. Morgan Kaufmann. Yisong, L. I. U., Su, H., Chen, Z. (2015).U.S. Patent No. 9,031,069. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Native American Removal free essay sample

Native American removal is something that is considered a dark period in Ignited States History. Many natives spilled their blood on their land that was taken from them by our American Government, many people then saw it as there right to expand westward (Manifest Destiny) if we didnt take over the land, the Lignite States would most definitely be different. The first major move of the United States government was setting up The Bureau of Indian Affairs. With this as well the US army established an outpost in Oklahoma to prepare for the relocation of the Cherokee and Choctaw robes to the new established Indian Territory.This was all set up in 1824 and really got the ball rolling with Indian removal. The Bureau of Indian Affairs was set up by the department of the interior and their main goal was to oversee the administration and the management of the land set aside for the Natives. The bureau is in fact still around today. The next major force in the migration of the natives was the Indian Removal Act, it was a law passed on May 28, 1830 by President Andrew Jackson. This provided the resettlement of Natives west of the Mississippi from 1830-1840.From that time over 60,000 Native Americans migrated. This removal led to many more Indian problems with the United States government. This led to the Seminole Wars that lasted from 1817-1858. Another thing that it led to was the very well known Trail of Tears. The Trail of Tears was the forced removal of nearly 20,000 Cherokee from their lands in Georgia and the Carolinas from 1838 to 1839. The discovery of gold in Cherokee land in Georgia was a man factor in the removal of the natives. Many natives undertook the journey to the new lands under severe distress.About 1 5,000 Cherokee died of exposure and disease on the journey to the new land. The Trail of Tears is considered to be one of the most regrettable times in American History. The united States Congress designated the Trail of Tears National Historic Trail in 1987, in honor and memory of all those Cherokee men and women who lost their lives. This was a major turning point in the process of Indian Removal; it was a major sign of things to come. The war between the U. S. Army and the tribe the NZ Pearce was yet another conflict that showed the forced removal of Indians no matter what.Chief Joseph the leader of the NZ Pearce was a very well respected leader born in the Wallow Valley of northeastern Oregon. In 1871 , until the death of his father, he assumed leadership of the non treaty NZ Pearce. White settlers coveted the traditional homeland of these Native Americans, and Joseph, seeking proof of NZ Pearce territorial rights, met with Federal commissioners to discuss a treaty in which the Indians had supposedly ceded their land to the U. S. Government Despite the obvious deceit of the old treaty, President Ulysses S.Grant opened the NZ Pearce lands to settlement and ordered the Native Americans onto reservations. White settlers moved onto the land and committed violence against the Indians. Against his will, Joseph was forced by his tribesmen to fight. Pressed hard by Gene. Oliver Otis Hoards forces, Joseph was convinced that he could not win and began a lengthy withdrawal toward Canada. Pursued by Howard and harassed by many small detachments, Joseph fled toward Canada and thrilled the nation, whose sympathies were with the Native Americans. During the fall of 1877 Joseph led his 500 followers into Montana.In the fighting he showed rare military ensue and great humanity; he refused to make war on women and children, bought his supplies when possible, and allowed no mutilation of bodies. On October 1 , as the NZ Pearce paused to rest at the Bear Paw Mountains just 30 miles from Canada, they were surprised by Cool. N. A. Miles with approximately 600 soldiers. With only 87 warriors, Joseph chose to fight. He would not abandon the children, the women, and the aged. After a 5-day siege, however, he said to Miles and his followers: It is cold and we have no blankets. The little children are freezing to death.Hear me, my chiefs. I am tired; my heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands, will fight no more forever. The 431 remaining NZ Pearce were taken to Kansas and subsequently to the Indian Territory (Oklahoma). There so many of them sickened and died that an aroused American public demanded action. Chief Joseph was moved to Clavicle Reservation in Washington, along with 150 of his followers; the others were returned to Oregon. Joseph made many pleas to be returned to his tribal homeland, but he died on Septet. 21, 1904, and was buried on the Clavicle Reservation. The next major event of the Indian Removal was the worst and the bloodiest also the last. The Massacre at Wounded Knee was a major turning point in native relations with the united States it was a battle fought on December 29, 1890 at Wounded Knee, South Dakota that was the last major encounter between Native Americans and the U. S. Army. The Army had surrounded a village of Alaska Sioux while attempting to disarm a party that had been captured. The accidental discharge Of a firearm led to panic, and the Army opened fire on the village, massacring nearly all its inhabitants.The battle is remembered today as one f the great injustices perpetrated against Native Americans by the U. S. Government. The natives of our country have led a very interesting life once we forced them out of their land. It is something, that I do not think we handled very well, and also think that the real reason we reacted like this is that we were scared. It is common that people who do not know much about a culture tend to be scared of the new things they are encountering. If we just tried to learn and understand, I do not think this would have turned out this way. We would be living among a much greater number of natives today.

Steroids Abuse in Baseball Essay Example For Students

Steroids Abuse in Baseball Essay Steroid Abuse Hurts BaseballThe abuse of steroids among players in Major League Baseball is corrupting the image of Americas Pastime as well as endangering the health of those who use the illegal substances. The lack of testing and punishment for the use of illegal substances like steroids in the Major Leagues portrays a negative image to aspiring young athletes. They see their role models using steroids and becoming better athletes rather than seeing suspensions for the illegal behavior or the negative health effects. Anabolic-androgenic steroids are synthetic substances which increase skeletal muscle growth and increase male hormone production. Steroids are legal only through prescription. They are often prescribed for ailments in which the body does not grow correctly because of a lack of testosterone (NIDA InfoFacts, np). Steroids are taken either orally or through an injection. The most common oral steroids are anadrol, oaxadrin, dianabol, and winstrol. The most common injected steroids are deca-durabolin, durabolin, depo-testosterone, and equipoise. There are also legal steroidal supplements such as dehydroepian-drosterone and androstenedione (NIDA Research, np). We will write a custom essay on Steroids Abuse in Baseball specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The effects of steroids depend on the reason for the use of the drugs. Legally prescribed steroids are portioned so that the user receives only the desired effects such as increased testosterone and muscle growth. Negative effects mainly come from the illegal use of steroids. When steroids are abused major negative effects such as cancer, tumors, and increased blood pressure can occur. Lesser negative side effects are gender specific. The higher levels of testosterone in males may cause shrinking of the testicles, baldness, and the growth of breasts. In woman the testosterone can cause facial hair, baldness, and deepening of the voice (NIDA InfoFacts, np). The most serious affects of steroid use can be fatal as they were in the case of former Major League Baseball (MLB) MVP Ken Caminiti. Caminiti died at the age of 41 just days after he had admitted testing positive for cocaine in a Houston court. Although his death was an apparent drug overdose, the medical examiner reported that an enlarged heart and coronary artery disease were contributing factors. The medical examiner also added his admitted steroid use would, absolutely have been a significant contributing factor to an enlarged and weakened heart (Cocaine and opiates found in Caminits Body, np). The death of Caminiti was the first wake up call to the public and Major League Baseball that steroids are a problem in baseball. It is a shame that it took a death to reveal it. The next major blow to baseball was leaked Grand Jury testimony by reigning MVP Barry Bonds for the case against the Bay Area Laboratory Co-operative (BALCO). BALCO was under investigation for distributing illegal performance enhancing substances such as steroids to major athletes including Bonds. In the testimony Bonds described taking substances given to him by his trainer Greg Anderson, who was indicted for distributing steroids. The substances described were similar to two types of steroids commonly distributed by BALCO. Bonds claimed ignorance stating that he thought the substances were natural supplements for arthritis (Associated Press, np). The final blow to the league was the tell-all book Juiced written by former MLB star Jose Canseco. In his best-selling book Canseco admitted to personally injecting then teammate and former single season homerun record holder Mark McGwire with steroids. In an interview on 60 Minutes Mike Wallace read out of Cansecos book:What we did more times than I can count was go into a bathroom stall together, shoot up steroids. After batting practice or right before the game, Mark and I would duck into a stall in the mens room, load up our syringes and inject ourselves. I would often inject Mark (60 Minutes). .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2 , .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2 .postImageUrl , .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2 , .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2:hover , .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2:visited , .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2:active { border:0!important; } .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2:active , .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2 .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucad78172da768857c1eeaa01e8c3d7a2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: ergogenic aids EssayDuring the interview Wallace asked Canseco to talk about his steroid experiences with McGwire. Canseco responded, Just the first time injecting them in his buttocks. It wasnt like you gave a lot of thought. It was something so common (60 Minutes). All three of these news stories caused great disruption at the front office of the Major Leagues. The commissioners office needed to do something about the growing steroid problem and did so quickly announcing a new drug testing policy in early January of this year. The policy calls for at least one announced drug test and also allows random testing of other players. A player is suspended 10 games for the first offense, 30 games for the second, 60 for the third, and one year for the fourth. This policy is a huge step for the MLB considering prior to 2003 there was no drug testing policy in place due to the opposition from the strong players union (Bodley, np). Despite the great advance in the drug testing policy for the league Congress was not satisfied and the Committee on Government Reform investigated the problem. Chairman Tom Davis sent a formal letter to Major League Baseball Commissioner Bud Selig and Executive Director of the Major League Baseball Players Association Donald M. Fehr about the problems he and the rest of the committee thought still remained with the leagues drug policy. One of the main problems the Committee had with the policy was the discrepancy between the announced penalties for violations and the printed version. In the letter, the Committee pointed out the differences:In public statements, Major League Baseball representatives have emphasized that players who violate the new policy will be publicly identified and suspended from baseball for ten days. In fact, the details of the new policy reveal that the penalty for a first offense can be either a suspension or a fine of $10,000 or less; that there is no public identification of players who are fined instead of suspended; and that even if players are suspended, the public disclosure is limited to the fact of their suspension with no official confirmation that the player tested positive for steroids (Davis, np). The committee also questions the leagues decision for who supervises the drug testing:Under the new Major League Baseball policy, many key implementation decisions are to be made by a four-person committee that includes Robert D. Manfred, Jr., Major League Baseballs Executive Vice President, Labor and Human Resources, and Gene Orza, the Chief Operating Officer and Associate General Counsel of the Major League Players Association. According to the policy, some of these decisions must be made unanimously, giving both Major League Baseball management and the players union a veto (Davis, np). Another question brought up in the letter is the Anti-Oversight Clause: The new policy contains an extraordinary provision that in the event of a governmental investigation relating to drug testing of players, all testing shall be suspended immediately. The suspension will remain in effect until the government investigation is withdrawn, the league and players union have successfully resisted an investigation at the trial court level, or both sides agree to resume testing. If testing is suspended for a year, then the entire drug program is subject to renegotiation (Davis, np). Along with the thorough examination of Major League Baseballs new drug policy, the Committee subpoenaed numerous players to speak at a congressional hearing. The players subpoenaed were Canseco, McGwire, Sammy Sosa, Frank Thomas, Rafael Palmeiro, Jason Giambi, and Curt Schilling. Giambi was pardoned due to an ailment and Thomas joined by video conference (ESPN.coms Steroid Hearing Scorecard, np). The eleven hour hearing began with opening statements made by Chairman Davis and Representative Henry A. Waxman. Each criticized baseballs inability to police itself. Davis stated, were in the first inning of what could be an extra inning ball game, and that the truth needs to come out, however ugly the truth might be (ESPN.coms Steroid Hearing Scorecard, np). .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba , .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba .postImageUrl , .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba , .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba:hover , .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba:visited , .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba:active { border:0!important; } .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba:active , .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua918311fc22b17334a0feb7d0f32d7ba:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Koch Snowflake Sample EssayThe hearing was highlighted by the questioning of the subpoenaed players. Besides Canseco the remainder of the witnesses were short with there answers under obvious watch from their lawyers due to the fact no one was given immunity. Canseco took numerous stands stating that baseball has a steroid problem, and denying the fact will not help. He emphasized the point with this statement:The most effective thing right now is for us to admit theres a major problem From what Im hearing I was the only individual in major league baseball to use steroids. Thats hard to believe (ESPN.coms Steroid Hearing Scorecard, np). Because of his interviews, book, and willingness to talk about the steroid problem in baseball, Jose Canseco is viewed as a snitch to most of the baseball world, but Representative Dutch Ruppersberger said it best when he stated, I guarantee you that Jose Canseco is not going to win a popularity contest with the players, but Jose Canseco might be the best thing that has happened to yall (ESPN.coms Steroid Hearing Scorecard, np). Steroids are an obvious problem in Major League Baseball that have been ignored for far too long. It took a leaked grand jury testimony, a congressional hearing, and worst of all a death to a great player before the league was willing to admit to the problem. Although the Commissioners office is making some changes, the policy is far too weak to clean up the game. Until a strict no tolerance policy for steroid use is enforced the league and all of its players will be under a cloud of scrutiny from the media and the public. Commissioner Bud Selig and Executive Director Donald Fehr must work together to renew the great tradition of Americas Pastime. Works CitedAssociated Press. Bonds admitted to using substances thought to be steroids. 3 December. 2004. ESPN.com. 27 March. 2005. . Bodley, Hal. Baseball officials announce tougher steroids policy. 12 January. 2005. USATODAY.com. 27 March. 2005. . Cocaine and opiates found in Caminitis body. 1 November. 2004. ESPN.com News Services. 27 March. 2005. . Davis, Tom. Davis/Waxman Letter to MLB and MLBPA on MLB Testing Policy. 17 March. 2005. Committee on Governement Reform. 27 March. 2005. . ESPN.coms Steroid Hearing Scorecard. 17 March. 2005. ESPN.com. 27 March. 2005. . NIDA Research Report Series Anabolic Steroids Abuse. 4 February. 2005. The National Institute on Drug Abuse. 27 March. 2005. . NIDA InfoFacts: Steroids (Anabolic-Androgenic). March. 2005. The National Institute on Drug Abuse. 27 March. 2005. . Steroid User Canseco Names Names. 60 Minutes. By Mike Wallace. CBS. 13 February. 2005.

Free Essays on Legalizing Marijuana

Mainstream vs. Alternative Media; who do we believe? The Journal of Media Studies Writer Discussion of the legalization of marijuanabrings up two main issues, those who are pro- marijuana and those who are anti- marijuana. These issues have beencovered by both mainstream and alternative media, mainstream being pro, and alternative beinganti.Thesetwo factions have been arguing over this issue in the halls of justice for many years. Because most of theamericansociety is mainly exposed to only mainstream media, they are not aware of other factors of legalizingmarijuana that alternative media covers. The problem caused by this lack of exposure, is that the public may be deprived of the truth, and may be led to believe facts that are not true. Marijuana and Medicine Both pro and anti- marijuana groups have discussed whether or not marijuana can be used for medicinal purposes. Mainstream groups do not believe that there are any convincing reasons to make marijuana a treatment to sick patients. Their position is that marijuana can have harmful long-term effects. The Anti-Legalization Forum explains that some of these effects are: impairment of the immune system due to the inability of T-cells to battle off diseases, delaying puberty in both males and females, and unhealthy and smaller children born to women who used marijuana during pregnancy. The Drug Enforcement Administration believes that since marijuana is not accepted by any American health associations, there is no reason to legalize the drug. They think that the main reason why pro marijuana advocates use the medical use argument is because the uninformed public can be easily convinced to support the movement. Simply not enough evidence proves that marijuana can be used medically (Claim V). Unlike the D.E.A., lobbying groups such as the Cannabis Action Network and the Indiana Civil Liberties Union, believe that marijuana is a beneficial herb... Free Essays on Legalizing Marijuana Free Essays on Legalizing Marijuana One question that has haunted Americans for a long time is: â€Å" Should the use of marijuana be legalized?† Some say, â€Å"Yes†, while others say, â€Å"No†. Marijuana usage has many medical benefits. Legalizing the use of marijuana has many economical benefits and would also decrease the crime rate. Despite marijuana being illegal, the drug is still somewhat commonly used. Here we are years later after marijuana was made illegal, still without a satisfactory answer to the question. I think that legalizing the use of marijuana would have many medical benefits, economical benefits, and would decrease the incidence of crime. Most marijuana smokers are quick to mention that marijuana grows wild in the U.S. and that Native Americans used the weed for religious ceremonies, as a medicinal herb for various ailments and as a pre-battle smoke to calm the nerves and possibly provide added ferocity. Native Americans weren't concerned with the natural aspect at all and quickly found that marijuana could alleviate pain, stimulate the appetite and provide some small comfort in a harsh environment. They used it in their religious ceremonies to open passages to the spirit world. It was used in peace pipes along with tobacco as a means of sealing treaties with warring tribes. Hemp was an important crop for the early colonists as early as 1629 and remained so until Eli Whitney introduced the cotton gin. It was one of the first crops our forefathers produced and was used to produce paper, clothing and rope. It was so important in those early days of America that Virginia introduced legislation in 1762 that exacted penalties on farms that didn't produce it. George Washington was an early hemp farmer and made notes in his diary about the quality of the hemp . There is nothing to indicate that George Washington smoked marijuana but the myth is prevalent among marijuana advocates. In 1793 the invention of the cotton gin made the separation cott... Free Essays on Legalizing Marijuana Legalizing Marijuana Whether or not to legalize marijuana is a growing debate. Some people with certain medical conditions use marijuana for a painkiller. Other people who use this drug buy it illegally and use it because they say it makes them feel good. It is obvious that these people do not realize the effects that marijuana can have on their bodies. Supporters of legalizing marijuana say that it is a stress reliever and should be used for medication. They have also said that no one has ever died from smoking marijuana; and that the crime rate will drop, because it would be bought and sold legally instead of on the black market. Marijuana is a dangerous drug that affects a persons’ health. Those against this drug say it causes loss of memory and coordination, increased heart rate, and some say that it causes anxiety and lung cancer. I have heard that marijuana use causes some to use more serious drugs. If marijuana is legalized, it will be easy for teenagers to buy. Even if you have to be eighteen or twenty one, I am sure it wouldn’t be hard for a teen to find an adult willing to buy it for them. Also, if marijuana is legalized, more people will become addicted to the drug and crime rates will increase. Christians believe that the body is a â€Å"temple† and you should not put anything in your body that can hurt you. Although I personally have no experience with this drug, I feel that if a patient’s doctor recommends the drug for pain relief then it should be legal for them to use it. But I do not believe the drug should be legal for personal use.... Free Essays on Legalizing Marijuana The Legalization of Marijuana A question that has haunted society for many decades is: Should the use of marijuana be legalized? While some disagree, many agree and have several reasons to support their decision. Marijuana is a drug from the Indian hemp plant Cannabis sativa, it can be smoked or eaten for a hallucinogenic and relaxing effect. The supporters of legalizing marijuana believe there are enough positive reasons to overcome the negatives. Yes, many people consider marijuana to be a â€Å"gateway† to other more serious drugs but on the otherhand the same can be said about alcohol or even tobacco. If used responsibly marijuana is a safe drug that we can benefit from, whether it is for medical or economical reasons or to lower the rate of crime. Marijuana used responsibly is safer, less addicting than many legal drugs. Dr. Andrew Weil was part of the first team of researchers to perform a government authorized study into the effects of marijuana on humans. This team made its study in 1968. These researchers determined that marijuana could be used safely under medical supervision. In the twenty years since then, Dr. Weil has seen no information that would cause him to reconsider that conclusion. There is no question in his mind that marijuana is safe for use under appropriate medical supervision. (MAMA) The lethal dose to its effective dose of marijuana is about 40,000 to 1. In an average marijuana cigarette there is approximately .9 grams (MAMA). Theoretically a smoker would have to smoke about 1,500 pounds within 15 minutes for the drug to be lethal (MAMA). With these numbers it is obvious there has never been a case of an overdose of marijuana or a death directly connecting with the drug. Unfortunately the same cannot be said about the legalized substances of tobacco and alcohol. Every year about 45,000 Canadians die of complications from tobacco use (Stats Canada). In Canada drinking caused almost 2000 deaths... Free Essays on Legalizing Marijuana Marijuana is first and foremost a hazardous and illegal drug. It is not a drug that should be legalized.  Although marijuana can be used to aid the pain of glaucoma, cancer, AIDS and many other terminal illnesses, it is not a proven fact that it is beneficial and good for a person’s health (Hart 101).   Marijuana has proven to affect a person’s memory, judgment, perception, and body.  Marijuana cigarettes have often been compared to that of regular cigarettes and are classified as being poor for your health. Many advocates for the legalization of marijuana, or weed, believe that it is beneficial to a patient that is suffering from a painful and terminal illness (Hart 200). Marijuana can affect a person’s memory, judgment, and perception. This drug enables a person to function both mentally and physically. The inhalation of this drug immediately goes to the brain. By doing this it can interfere with ones normal functions, physical feelings, and emotions (Goodykoontz 15).  Some users get bad effects from the usage of this drug. They may suffer sudden feelings of anxiety and have paranoid thoughts. Because this drug can affect memory, users may forget things that they may have done or things they are supposed to do. Many people who smoke weed on a regular basis make stupid mistakes that could embarrass or hurt them or someone around them.  Many of them will lose interest in their looks or social status with friends and companions.  They will start declining in school cause their grades to drop.   Athletes who smoke marijuana have trouble keeping up with the sport. Their timing for specific skills is off, their movement may be slowed down and their coordination is lost (Goodykoontz 18).  A marijuana smoker is also unable to drive and function properly due to the loss of concentration and the ability to not react quickly. For example, a person who is high on marijuana may drive too slow or stop way before a stop sign because their al... Free Essays on Legalizing Marijuana Legalize Pot, marijuana, hash, joints, blunts, green trees, etc., the list goes on and on. Whatever you want to call it, marijuana is currently illegal in the United States. Whenever marijuana is brought up, it becomes the cause of much commotion and debating. Many people feel it is the gateway drug, and have heard of the negative side effects that are greatly overblown. Although many people feel that legalizing marijuana would increase the amount of drug use, I feel that it should be legalized. It will greatly reduce the amount of money spend on enforcement, and will increase our options for spending our tax dollars and lessen crime, and it will also be useful in treating certain medical conditions. Many people feel that legalization is unnecessary, and they fail to see the possible benefits of legalization. However, one possible benefit of legalization is that it will be profitable to the global economy. It will allow money that is spent on drug law enforcement to be spent on other programs. There have been escalating costs spent on the war against drugs and countless dollars spent on rehabilitation. Every year in the United States, ten billion dollars are spent on enforcing drugs alone. Drug violators accounted for forty percent of all criminals in federal prisons (Schwenk 73). In 1989, a Republican county executive of Mercer County, NJ estimated that it would cost approximately one billion dollars to build the jail space required to house all the drug users in Trenton alone (Schwenk 98). All of this money could be spent on things of greater importance. Drug violators are a major cause of extreme overcrowding in US prisons. We currently have close to one million inmates nationwide, and a high percentage of these prisoners are in because of drug related incidents. Since 1982, there has been about a 160% increase in inmate population. Most of this increase is attributed to drug violators, and sadly this number will only continue to ris... Free Essays on Legalizing Marijuana Mainstream vs. Alternative Media; who do we believe? The Journal of Media Studies Writer Discussion of the legalization of marijuanabrings up two main issues, those who are pro- marijuana and those who are anti- marijuana. These issues have beencovered by both mainstream and alternative media, mainstream being pro, and alternative beinganti.Thesetwo factions have been arguing over this issue in the halls of justice for many years. Because most of theamericansociety is mainly exposed to only mainstream media, they are not aware of other factors of legalizingmarijuana that alternative media covers. The problem caused by this lack of exposure, is that the public may be deprived of the truth, and may be led to believe facts that are not true. Marijuana and Medicine Both pro and anti- marijuana groups have discussed whether or not marijuana can be used for medicinal purposes. Mainstream groups do not believe that there are any convincing reasons to make marijuana a treatment to sick patients. Their position is that marijuana can have harmful long-term effects. The Anti-Legalization Forum explains that some of these effects are: impairment of the immune system due to the inability of T-cells to battle off diseases, delaying puberty in both males and females, and unhealthy and smaller children born to women who used marijuana during pregnancy. The Drug Enforcement Administration believes that since marijuana is not accepted by any American health associations, there is no reason to legalize the drug. They think that the main reason why pro marijuana advocates use the medical use argument is because the uninformed public can be easily convinced to support the movement. Simply not enough evidence proves that marijuana can be used medically (Claim V). Unlike the D.E.A., lobbying groups such as the Cannabis Action Network and the Indiana Civil Liberties Union, believe that marijuana is a beneficial herb...

Case Study Foreign Direct Investment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Case Study Foreign Direct Investment - Essay Example Consolidation in the United States with a penetrating strategy was also chosen based on the fact that the major competitors were on the verge of facing very adversity publicity, and the company had a product that could do the reverse nutritionally, if it is able to capitalize on the opportunity. Investment in terms of alliance in organic farming in Europe where projections are for double digits growth in that sector was also a viable option that North Western could pursue, due to the complementarities of both products to a growing health conscious society. In moving into such an alliance, the present management structure would require significant changes, as experts in this field will have to be recruited to strengthen perceived areas of weaknesses in advance, so that timely and informed decisions can be made. Going oversees in term of South Africa and or the Vietnamese markets will definitely challenged the competence of the organization, especially from cultural perspectives, as we ll as the levels of leadership representation required to negotiate with the government and private sector interest. Sensitivity to the needs of the environment, especially as it relates to environmentalists groups will require the adoption of new approach to maintain the stable climates that are conducive to its growth and development on a continuous basis, will prove crucial. North Western will do well to look at its financial commitment, the threats from competitors, the dwindling sales and market shares, as well as the attractive market options that are available now but may not be six months later, and make decisions, even changes in the leadership structure to reflect what qualities will be required to meet challenges in the national and global environments. Strategic Development Directions 1 North Western Corporation is a major manufacturer of health drinks and distributor of fusion nutrition health drink. Presently it has a 15% market share in the US and 12% in Europe. Howev er, these percentages were much higher six months ago. There is a cause for concern insofar as the strategy to deploy to change the scenario, increase percentage profitability, and consolidate its position as a major competitor in the market place. The managing director Leslie Owen and his Oregon City team knows that economic down turn is only one of the reasons why his company is not doing so well as this point in time. This team of managers are going to be provided with the options to consider, with a bank balance in excess of $500 million dollars, a Research and Development that is has to produce at least five new brands for the market, are advantages to bear in mind insofar as options are presented. Strategy Development Directions for North Western Corporation will include four different approach, from which management will make the choice that will reflect its best interest. Based on market intelligence North Western prices are competitive with other products in the market. How ever, the company is not satisfied with its returns and market share, and has decided to engage in market penetration strategy to reduce the level of competition. The company has already profited from all these products and is in the process of introducing additional products to the market. This is reminiscent of Sony according to Berkowitz, et al (2000), which in1995,